Items where Research Centre is "Clinical Trials Unit"
  • Research Centres (26996)
  • Clinical Trials Unit (455)
    Number of items: 66.
    March 2019
  • Collecting and exploiting data to understand a nation's sexual health needs: Implications for the British National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal). (2018) Mercer, Catherine H; Clifton, Soazig; Prior, Gillian; Aldridge, Robert W; Bonell, Chris; Copas, Andrew J; Field, Nigel; Gibbs, Jo; Macdowall, Wendy; Mitchell, Kirstin R; Tanton, Clare; Thomson, Nick; Unemo, Magnus; Sonnenberg, Pam
  • February 2019
  • Derivation and Validation of a Chronic Total Coronary Occlusion Intervention Procedural Success Score From the 20,000-Patient EuroCTO Registry: The EuroCTO (CASTLE) Score. (2018) Szijgyarto, Zsolt; Rampat, Rajiv; Werner, Gerald S; Ho, Claudius; Reifart, Nicolaus; Lefevre, Thierry; Louvard, Yves; Avran, Alexandre; Kambis, Mashayekhi; Buettner, Heinz-Joachim; Di Mario, Carlo; Gershlick, Anthony; Escaned, Javier; Sianos, George; Galassi, Alfredo; Garbo, Roberto; Goktekin, Omer; Meyer-Gessner, Marcus; Lauer, Bernward; Elhadad, Simon; Bufe, Alexander; Boudou, Nicolas; Sievert, Horst; Martin-Yuste, Victoria; Thuesen, Leif; Erglis, Andrejs; Christiansen, Evald; Spratt, James; Bryniarski, Lesciak; Clayton, Tim; Hildick-Smith, David
  • Cross-sectional analysis of chemsex drug use and gonorrhoea diagnosis among men who have sex with men in the UK. (2018) Kohli, Manik; Hickson, Ford; Free, Caroline; Reid, David; Weatherburn, Peter description
  • December 2018
  • Tranexamic acid for the prevention of postpartum bleeding in women with anaemia: study protocol for an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (2018) Ker, Katharine; Roberts, Ian; Chaudhri, Rizwana; Fawole, Bukola; Beaumont, Danielle; Balogun, Eni; Prowse, Danielle; Pepple, Tracey; Javaid, Kiran; Kayani, Aasia; Arulkumaran, Sabaratnam; Bates, Imelda; Shakur-Still, Haleema; WOMAN-2 trial collaborators
  • What concentration of tranexamic acid is needed to inhibit fibrinolysis? A systematic review of pharmacodynamics studies. (2018) Picetti, Roberto; Shakur-Still, Haleema; Medcalf, Robert L; Standing, Joseph F; Roberts, Ian
  • Interventions integrating health and academic interventions to prevent substance use and violence: a systematic review and synthesis of process evaluations. (2018) Tancred, Tara; Paparini, Sara; Melendez-Torres, GJ; Fletcher, Adam; Thomas, James; Campbell, Rona; Bonell, Chris
  • Health impacts of parental migration on left-behind children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2018) Fellmeth, Gracia; Rose-Clarke, Kelly; Zhao, Chenyue; Busert, Laura K; Zheng, Yunting; Massazza, Alessandro; Sonmez, Hacer; Eder, Ben; Blewitt, Alice; Lertgrai, Wachiraya; Orcutt, Miriam; Ricci, Katharina; Mohamed-Ahmed, Olaa; Burns, Rachel; Knipe, Duleeka; Hargreaves, Sally; Hesketh, Therese; Opondo, Charles; Devakumar, Delan
  • November 2018
  • Bias due to MEasurement Reactions In Trials to improve health (MERIT): protocol for research to develop MRC guidance. (2018) Miles, Lisa M; Elbourne, Diana; Farmer, Andrew; Gulliford, Martin; Locock, Louise; McCambridge, Jim; Sutton, Stephen; French, David P
  • Predictors of postabortion contraception use in Cambodia. (2018) Adelman, Sara; Free, Caroline; Smith, Chris
  • Effects of the Learning Together intervention on bullying and aggression in English secondary schools (INCLUSIVE): a cluster randomised controlled trial. (2018) Bonell, Chris; Allen, Elizabeth; Warren, Emily; McGowan, Jennifer; Bevilacqua, Leonardo; Jamal, Farah; Legood, Rosa; Wiggins, Meg; Opondo, Charles; Mathiot, Anne; Sturgess, Jo; Fletcher, Adam; Sadique, Zia; Elbourne, Diana; Christie, Deborah; Bond, Lyndal; Scott, Stephen; Viner, Russell M
  • Trends in caesarean section rates between 2007 and 2013 in obstetric risk groups inspired by the Robson classification: results from population-based surveys in a low-resource setting. (2018) Hanson, C; Betrán, AP; Opondo, C; Mkumbo, E; Manzi, F; Mbaruku, G; Schellenberg, J
  • A systematic review and synthesis of theories of change of school-based interventions integrating health and academic education as a novel means of preventing violence and substance use among students. (2018) Tancred, Tara; Paparini, Sara; Melendez-Torres, GJ; Thomas, James; Fletcher, Adam; Campbell, Rona; Bonell, Chris
  • October 2018
  • Traumatic injury clinical trial evaluating tranexamic acid in children (TIC-TOC): study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. (2018) Nishijima, Daniel K; VanBuren, John; Hewes, Hilary A; Myers, Sage R; Stanley, Rachel M; Adelson, P David; Barnhard, Sarah E; Bobinski, Matthew; Ghetti, Simona; Holmes, James F; Roberts, Ian; Schalick, Walton O; Tran, Nam K; Tzimenatos, Leah S; Michael Dean, J; Kuppermann, Nathan; TIC-TOC Collaborators of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Re
  • Outcome measures in clinical trials of treatments for acute severe haemorrhage. (2018) Brenner, Amy; Arribas, Monica; Cuzick, Jack; Jairath, Vipul; Stanworth, Simon; Ker, Katharine; Shakur-Still, Haleema; Roberts, Ian
  • September 2018
  • Tranexamic acid for significant traumatic brain injury (The CRASH-3 trial): Statistical analysis plan for an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (2018) Roberts, Ian; Belli, Antonio; Brenner, Amy; Chaudhri, Rizwana; Fawole, Bukola; Harris, Tim; Jooma, Rashid; Mahmood, Abda; Shokunbi, Temitayo; Shakur, Haleema
  • Integration of academic and health education for the prevention of physical aggression and violence in young people: systematic review, narrative synthesis and intervention components analysis. (2018) Melendez-Torres, GJ; Tancred, Tara; Fletcher, Adam; Campbell, Rona; Thomas, James; Bonell, Christopher
  • Defending evidence informed policy making from ideological attack. (2018) Bonell, Chris; Meiksin, Rebecca; Mays, Nicholas; Petticrew, Mark; McKee, Martin
  • Effects of Interventions Addressing School Environments or Educational Assets on Adolescent Sexual Health: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (2018) Peterson, Amy J; Donze, Melissa; Allen, Elizabeth; Bonell, Chris description
  • August 2018
  • Effect of tranexamic acid on coagulation and fibrinolysis in women with postpartum haemorrhage (WOMAN-ETAC): a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (2018) Shakur-Still, Haleema; Roberts, Ian; Fawole, Bukola; Kuti, Modupe; Olayemi, Oladapo; Bello, Adenike; Huque, Sumaya; Ogunbode, Olayinka; Kotila, Taiwo; Aimakhu, Chris; Okunade, Olujide; Olutogun, Tolulase; Adetayo, Cecilia; Dallaku, Kastriot; Mansmann, Ulrich; Hunt, Beverley; Pepple, Tracey; Balogun, Eni
  • Effect of tranexamic acid on coagulation and fibrinolysis in women with postpartum haemorrhage (WOMAN-ETAC): a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (2018) Shakur-Still, Haleema; Roberts, Ian; Fawole, Bukola; Kuti, Modupe; Olayemi, Oladapo O; Bello, Adenike; Huque, Sumaya; Ogunbode, Olayinka; Kotila, Taiwo; Aimakhu, Chris; Okunade, Olujide A; Olutogun, Tolulase; Adetayo, Cecilia O; Dallaku, Kastriot; Mansmann, Ulrich; Hunt, Beverley J; Pepple, Tracey; Balogun, Eni
  • Long-term mortality after blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering treatment in patients with hypertension in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT) Legacy study: 16-year follow-up results of a randomised factorial trial. (2018) Gupta, Ajay; Mackay, Judith; Whitehouse, Andrew; Godec, Thomas; Collier, Tim; Pocock, Stuart; Poulter, Neil; Sever, Peter
  • July 2018
  • JACK trial protocol: a phase III multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial of a school-based relationship and sexuality education intervention focusing on young male perspectives. (2018) Lohan, Maria; Aventin, Áine; Clarke, Mike; Curran, Rhonda M; Maguire, Lisa; Hunter, Rachael; McDowell, Clíona; McDaid, Lisa; Young, Honor; White, James; Fletcher, Adam; French, Rebecca; Bonell, Christopher; Bailey, Julia V; O'Hare, Liam
  • Tranexamic acid for significant traumatic brain injury (The CRASH-3 trial): Statistical analysis plan for an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (2018) Roberts, Ian; Belli, Antonio; Brenner, Amy; Chaudhri, Rizwana; Fawole, Bukola; Harris, Tim; Jooma, Rashid; Mahmood, Abda; Shokunbi, Temitayo; Shakur, Haleema
  • Sustainable Undernutrition Reduction in Ethiopia (SURE) evaluation study: a protocol to evaluate impact, process and context of a large-scale integrated health and agriculture programme to improve complementary feeding in Ethiopia. (2018) Moss, Cami; Bekele, Tesfaye Hailu; Salasibew, Mihretab Melesse; Sturgess, Joanna; Ayana, Girmay; Kuche, Desalegn; Eshetu, Solomon; Abera, Andinet; Allen, Elizabeth; Dangour, Alan D
  • Can Teenage Men Be Targeted to Prevent Teenage Pregnancy? A Feasibility Cluster Randomised Controlled Intervention Trial in Schools. (2018) Lohan, Maria; Aventin, Áine; Clarke, Mike; Curran, Rhonda M; McDowell, Clíona; Agus, Ashley; McDaid, Lisa; Bonell, Chris; Young, Honor
  • School experiences and young women's pregnancy and parenthood decisions: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research. (2018) Peterson, Amy J; Bonell, Chris
  • Tranexamic acid for significant traumatic brain injury (The CRASH-3 trial): Statistical analysis plan for an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (2018) Roberts, Ian; Belli, Antonio; Brenner, Amy; Chaudhri, Rizwana; Fawole, Bukola; Harris, Tim; Jooma, Rashid; Mahmood, Abda; Shokunbi, Temitayo; Shakur, Haleema; CRASH-3 trial collaborators
  • "You have to keep your nerve on a DMC." Challenges for Data Monitoring Committees in neonatal intensive care trials: Qualitative accounts from the BRACELET Study. (2018) Snowdon, Claire; Brocklehurst, Peter; Tasker, Robert C; Ward Platt, Martin; Elbourne, Diana
  • Features of randomised trials designed by the NPEU Perinatal Trials Service during Adrian Grant's directorship. (2018) Elbourne, Diana
  • Associations between socio‐economic status (including school‐ and pupil‐level interactions) and student perceptions of school environment and health in English secondary schools. (2018) Shackleton, Nichola; Allen, Elizabeth; Bevilacqua, Leonardo; Viner, Russell; Bonell, Chris
  • The effect of high-flow nasal oxygen on hospital length of stay in cardiac surgical patients at high risk for respiratory complications: a randomised controlled trial. (2018) Zochios, V; Collier, T; Blaudszun, G; Butchart, A; Earwaker, M; Jones, N; Klein, AA
  • June 2018
  • Rationale and design of: A Randomized tRial of Expedited transfer to a cardiac arrest center for non-ST elevation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: The ARREST randomized controlled trial. (2018) Patterson, Tiffany; Perkins, Alexander; Perkins, Gavin D; Clayton, Tim; Evans, Richard; Nguyen, Hanna; Wilson, Karen; Whitbread, Mark; Hughes, Johanna; Fothergill, Rachael T; Nevett, Joanne; Mosweu, Iris; McCrone, Paul; Dalby, Miles; Rakhit, Roby; MacCarthy, Philip; Perera, Divaka; Nolan, Jerry P; Redwood, Simon R
  • Women's work in UK clinical trials is undervalued. (2018) Roberts, Ian
  • Mobile phone-based interventions for improving adherence to medication prescribed for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults. (2018) Palmer, Melissa J; Barnard, Sharmani; Perel, Pablo; Free, Caroline
  • Risk factors associated with early smoking onset in two large birth cohorts. (2018) Staff, Jeremy; Maggs, Jennifer L; Ploubidis, George B; Bonell, Chris
  • The impact of early outcome events on the effect of tranexamic acid in post-partum haemorrhage: an exploratory subgroup analysis of the WOMAN trial. (2018) Brenner, Amy; Shakur-Still, Haleema; Chaudhri, Rizwana; Fawole, Bukola; Arulkumaran, Sabaratnam; Roberts, Ian; WOMAN Trial Collaborators
  • May 2018
  • Should hydroxyethyl starch be banned? - Authors' reply. (2018) Roberts, Ian; Shakur, Haleema; Bellomo, Rinaldo; Bion, Julian; Finfer, Simon; Hunt, Beverley; Myburgh, John; Perner, Anders; Reinhart, Konrad
  • Risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy among women with postpartum haemorrhage: analysis of data from the WOMAN trial. (2018) Huque, Sumaya; Roberts, Ian; Fawole, Bukola; Chaudhri, Rizwana; Arulkumaran, Sabaratnam; Shakur-Still, Haleema
  • Cochrane corner: text messaging to improve adherence to drugs for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. (2018) Adler, Alma J; Casas, Juan P; Martin, Nicole; Free, Caroline; Perel, Pablo
  • Haematological and fibrinolytic status of Nigerian women with post-partum haemorrhage. (2018) Roberts, Ian; Shakur, Haleema; Fawole, Bukola; Kuti, Modupe; Olayemi, Oladapo; Bello, Adenike; Ogunbode, Olayinka; Kotila, Taiwo; Aimakhu, Chris O; Olutogun, Tolulase; Hunt, Beverley J; Huque, Sumaya
  • Tranexamic acid for hyperacute primary IntraCerebral Haemorrhage (TICH-2): an international randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 superiority trial. (2018) Sprigg, Nikola; Flaherty, Katie; Appleton, Jason P; Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam; Bereczki, Daniel; Beridze, Maia; Christensen, Hanne; Ciccone, Alfonso; Collins, Ronan; Czlonkowska, Anna; Dineen, Robert A; Duley, Lelia; Egea-Guerrero, Juan Jose; England, Timothy J; Krishnan, Kailash; Laska, Ann Charlotte; Law, Zhe Kang; Ozturk, Serefnur; Pocock, Stuart J; Roberts, Ian; Robinson, Thompson G; Roffe, Christine; Seiffge, David; Scutt, Polly; Thanabalan, Jegan; Werring, David; Whynes, David; Bath, Philip M; TICH-2 Investigators
  • Study protocol for the optimisation, feasibility testing and pilot cluster randomised trial of Positive Choices: a school-based social marketing intervention to promote sexual health, prevent unintended teenage pregnancies and address health inequalities in England. (2018) Ponsford, Ruth; Allen, Elizabeth; Campbell, Rona; Elbourne, Diana; Hadley, Alison; Lohan, Maria; Melendez-Torres, GJ; Mercer, Catherine H; Morris, Steve; Young, Honor; Bonell, Chris
  • Development of an intervention delivered by mobile phone aimed at decreasing unintended pregnancy among young people in three lower middle income countries. (2018) McCarthy, Ona L; Wazwaz, Ola; Osorio Calderon, Veronica; Jado, Iman; Saibov, Salokhiddin; Stavridis, Amina; López Gallardo, Jhonny; Tokhirov, Ravshan; Adada, Samia; Huaynoca, Silvia; Makleff, Shelly; Vandewiele, Marieka; Standaert, Sarah; Free, Caroline
  • Implementation of the Good School Toolkit in Uganda: a quantitative process evaluation of a successful violence prevention program. (2018) Knight, Louise; Allen, Elizabeth; Mirembe, Angel; Nakuti, Janet; Namy, Sophie; Child, Jennifer C; Sturgess, Joanna; Kyegombe, Nambusi; Walakira, Eddy J; Elbourne, Diana; Naker, Dipak; Devries, Karen M
  • Percutaneous Revascularization for Ischemic Ventricular Dysfunction: Rationale and Design of the REVIVED-BCIS2 Trial: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. (2018) Perera, Divaka; Clayton, Tim; Petrie, Mark C; Greenwood, John P; O'Kane, Peter D; Evans, Richard; Sculpher, Mark; Mcdonagh, Theresa; Gershlick, Anthony; de Belder, Mark; Redwood, Simon; Carr-White, Gerald; Marber, Michael; REVIVED investigators
  • April 2018
  • Combined Protocol for Acute Malnutrition Study (ComPAS) in rural South Sudan and urban Kenya: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. (2018) Bailey, Jeanette; Lelijveld, Natasha; Marron, Bethany; Onyoo, Pamela; Ho, Lara S; Manary, Mark; Briend, André; Opondo, Charles; Kerac, Marko
  • Effect of emotional content on online video sharing among health care professionals and researchers (DIFFUSION): results and lessons learnt from a randomised controlled trial. (2018) Kiriya, Junko; Edwards, Phil; Roberts, Ian
  • Amaze: a randomized controlled trial of adjunct surgery for atrial fibrillation. (2018) Nashef, Samer AM; Fynn, Simon; Abu-Omar, Yasir; Spyt, Tomasz J; Mills, Christine; Everett, Colin C; Fox-Rushby, Julia; Singh, Jeshika; Dalrymple-Hay, Malcolm; Sudarshan, Catherine; Codispoti, Massimiliano; Braidley, Peter; Wells, Francis C; Sharples, Linda D
  • Are randomised controlled trials positivist? Reviewing the social science and philosophy literature to assess positivist tendencies of trials of social interventions in public health and health services. (2018) Bonell, Chris; Moore, Graham; Warren, Emily; Moore, Laurence
  • The potential role for sociologists in designing RCTs and of RCTs in refining sociological theory: A commentary on Deaton and Cartwright. (2018) Bonell, Chris; Melendez-Torres, GJ; Quilley, Stephen
  • March 2018
  • Assessing the validity and reliability of self-report data on contraception use in the MObile Technology for Improved Family Planning (MOTIF) randomised controlled trial. (2018) Smith, Chris; Edwards, Phil; Free, Caroline
  • Upscaling Participatory Action and Videos for Agriculture and Nutrition (UPAVAN) trial comparing three variants of a nutrition-sensitive agricultural extension intervention to improve maternal and child nutritional outcomes in rural Odisha, India: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. (2018) Kadiyala, Suneetha; Prost, Audrey; Harris-Fry, Helen; O'Hearn, Meghan; Pradhan, Ronali; Pradhan, Shibananth; Mishra, Naba Kishore; Rath, Suchitra; Nair, Nirmala; Rath, Shibanand; Tripathy, Prasantha; Krishnan, Sneha; Koniz-Booher, Peggy; Danton, Heather; Elbourne, Diana; Sturgess, Joanna; Beaumont, Emma; Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan; Skordis-Worrall, Jolene; Mohanty, Satyanarayan; Upadhay, Avinash; Allen, Elizabeth
  • February 2018
  • Antifibrinolytic drugs for treating primary postpartum haemorrhage. (2018) Shakur, Haleema; Beaumont, Danielle; Pavord, Sue; Gayet-Ageron, Angele; Ker, Katharine; Mousa, Hatem A
  • Antifibrinolytic drugs for treating primary postpartum hemorrhage. (2018) Shakur, Haleema; Beaumont, Danielle; Pavord, Sue; Gayet-Ageron, Angele; Ker, Katharine; Mousa, Hatem A
  • Experiences of stigma and discrimination in social and healthcare settings among trans people living with HIV in the UK. (2018) Hibbert, M; Wolton, A; Crenna-Jennings, W; Benton, L; Kirwan, P; Lut, I; Okala, S; Ross, M; Furegato, M; Nambiar, K; Douglas, N; Roche, J; Jeffries, J; Reeves, I; Nelson, M; Weerawardhana, C; Jamal, Z; Hudson, A; Delpech, V
  • A randomized controlled trial of an intervention delivered by mobile phone app instant messaging to increase the acceptability of effective contraception among young people in Tajikistan. (2018) McCarthy, Ona; Ahamed, Irrfan; Kulaeva, Firuza; Tokhirov, Ravshan; Saibov, Salokhiddin; Vandewiele, Marieka; Standaert, Sarah; Leurent, Baptiste; Edwards, Phil; Palmer, Melissa; Free, Caroline
  • Does tranexamic acid lead to changes in MRI measures of brain tissue health in patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage? Protocol for a MRI substudy nested within the double-blind randomised controlled TICH-2 trial. (2018) Dineen, Rob A; Pszczolkowski, Stefan; Flaherty, Katie; Law, Zhe K; Morgan, Paul S; Roberts, Ian; Werring, David J; Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam; England, Tim; Bath, Philip M; Sprigg, Nikola
  • Hydroxyethyl starch solutions and patient harm. (2018) Roberts, Ian; Shakur, Haleema; Bellomo, Rinaldo; Bion, Julian; Finfer, Simon; Hunt, Beverley; Myburgh, John; Perner, Anders; Reinhart, Konrad
  • Does integrated academic and health education prevent substance use? Systematic review and meta-analyses. (2018) Melendez-Torres, GJ; Tancred, T; Fletcher, A; Thomas, J; Campbell, R; Bonell, C
  • Typology of drug use in United Kingdom men who have sex with men and associations with socio-sexual characteristics. (2018) Melendez-Torres, GJ; Bourne, Adam; Reid, David; Hickson, Ford; Bonell, Chris; Weatherburn, Peter
  • Comparing the characteristics of users of an online service for STI self-sampling with clinic service users: a cross-sectional analysis. (2018) Barnard, Sharmani; Free, Caroline; Bakolis, Ioannis; Turner, Katy ME; Looker, Katharine J; Baraitser, Paula
  • January 2018
  • The impact of digital health technologies on tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review. (2018) Ngwatu, Brian Kermu; Nsengiyumva, Ntwali Placide; Oxlade, Olivia; Mappin-Kasirer, Benjamin; Nguyen, Nhat Linh; Jaramillo, Ernesto; Falzon, Dennis; Schwartzman, Kevin; Collaborative group on the impact of digital technologies on TB
  • Post-partum haemorrhage and tranexamic acid: a global issue. (2018) Hibbs, Stephen P; Roberts, Ian; Shakur-Still, Haleema; Hunt, Beverley J picture_as_pdf
  • 2018
  • Kangaroo mother care for clinically unstable neonates weighing ≤2000 g: Is it feasible at a hospital in Uganda? (2018) Morgan, Melissa C; Nambuya, Harriet; Waiswa, Peter; Tann, Cally; Elbourne, Diana; Seeley, Janet; Allen, Elizabeth; Lawn, Joy E
  • Finding Better Ways to Prevent Postpartum Hemorrhage. (2018) Shakur-Still, Haleema; Roberts, Ian
  • Amaze: a double-blind, multicentre randomised controlled trial to investigate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of adding an ablation device-based maze procedure as an adjunct to routine cardiac surgery for patients with pre-existing atrial fibrillation. (2018) Sharples, Linda; Everett, Colin; Singh, Jeshika; Mills, Christine; Spyt, Tom; Abu-Omar, Yasir; Fynn, Simon; Thorpe, Benjamin; Stoneman, Victoria; Goddard, Hester; Fox-Rushby, Julia; Nashef, Samer